Water plays a very important role in the growth and production of any crop and if the water in the field is salty or salty then it can reduce the growth of the crop as well as the yield. For this, along with the selection of seeds at the time of sowing any crop, attention should also be paid to testing the water and its improvement. The first task of which is to get the water tested for which you can take its sample in the following way. How Salt Water Can Be Used For Irrigation
- First of all, run the tube well for 15 minutes.
- Take a clean bottle and clean it with water 3 to 4 times, (the bottle should never be washed with soap or soda) and fill it with tube well water.
You send the above soil and water tests to the laboratory for testing.
- Name and complete address of the owner (Village, Post Office, Block and District)
- Type of soil for which water is to be used.
- If you know of any defect in water, please write and send it.
- Water sampling can also be done at the time of boring.
When the water reduces, fill the water in a bucket and after draining, fill the sample in a bottle.
In about 40 percent of the area of Punjab, the groundwater obtained through tube wells contains a high amount of salt. This type of water is either salty (containing chloride or sulfate of sodium) or salty (containing carbonate or bicarbonate of sodium). Therefore, it is very important to get the tube well water tested by a laboratory so that it can be found out which and to what extent it is defective and how this water can be made suitable for irrigation.
Sure drainage
In areas with poor water supply for irrigation, the more soluble salts can dissolve and move down from the soil into the root zone, ensuring that the salt and water balance in this area is maintained. For this purpose, an above-ground drain is cheaper than making a below-ground drain.
level the ground
The land must be level to evenly distribute water throughout the field. In the flat ground, soluble salt and water is absorbed evenly by the ground.
Use poorly drained water in light soils
In heavy soils, the rate of water accumulation is low, and water standing on the surface for a long time leads to the rapid formation of brine/saline after evaporation; for this, the use of spoil water should be given importance in light soils.
The right choice of crop
In areas under irrigation with poor water, give priority to only such crops and varieties that are salt-tolerant or semi-tolerant like barley, wheat, mustard, guar, senji, spinach, turnip, beetroot, rye, and coarse grains. Bad water affects the growth of cotton but if it is irrigated with good water, the crop is good. Brackish and salty water has a very bad effect on pulses. For this, do not give salt water to the pulses. Do not irrigate water-intensive crops like paddy, kamad and berseem with brackish water.
Use of gypsum
The bad effects of excess sodium in the soil can be removed by gypsum. The use of gypsum is recommended when the RSC of irrigation water is above 2.5 ME per liter. Every ME per liter of RSC produces 1.50 quintals of gypsum per acre on four irrigations. If each irrigation is 7.5 cm then give the entire gypsum with water first. Mix gypsum in the upper surface of the soil (0-10 cm) and apply water so that the soluble salt seeps into the soil before sowing the next crop.
Use of organic manure
In lime or stony soils having calcium carbonate more than 2 percent, apply organic fertilizers like desi ruddy at 8 tonnes per acre or green manure or wheatgrass at 2.5 tonnes per acre every year.
Mix salty and good water: Bad and good water can be used together or both can be used interchangeably. The use of good water at the beginning of the crop and bad water later during the growth of the crop is also beneficial.
Irrigation with village pond water
Chappar water also contains harmful elements for the crop, hence before using this water, the soil and water should be tested by the laboratory and it should be used for irrigation as per the recommendation.